![fission vs fusion venn diagram fission vs fusion venn diagram](https://i.pinimg.com/originals/ee/e0/8d/eee08dfb1732647e8d9b2d02fcee258c.jpg)
Cell fusion of haploid yeast cells of opposite mating types occurs after pheromone-mediated sexual differentiation to form a diploid zygote ( Merlini et al., 2013). In one of the fusing cells, this structure may generate force for membrane protrusion into the partner cell to permit fusogen engagement ( Shilagardi et al., 2013).Ī function for the actin cytoskeleton in fusion has also been revealed in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, in which a dedicated formin protein, Fus1, is essential for cell fusion. This has been best described during myoblast fusion, where Arp2/3 complex–assembled actin structures in the two fusing cells drive cell–cell fusion ( Kim et al., 2007 Massarwa et al., 2007 Richardson et al., 2007 Sens et al., 2010). The actin cytoskeleton may promote the juxtaposition of the two plasma membranes through precise cell polarization. Second, the actin cytoskeleton is essential for cell fusion in many cell types, such as osteoclasts, myoblasts, or yeast cells ( Abmayr and Pavlath, 2012). Two fundamental principles may be generally valid ( Shilagardi et al., 2013): First, fusogenic machineries are required to drive cell fusion upon plasma membrane contact, though their molecular nature has been identified in only few instances ( Aguilar et al., 2013). Cell–cell fusion is a fundamental process that occurs in many cell types during development and underlies sexual reproduction.